Ultrastrong Medium‐Entropy Single‐Phase Alloys Designed via Severe Lattice Distortion

Severe lattice distortion is a core effect in the design of multiprincipal element alloys with the aim to enhance yield strength, a key indicator in structural engineering. Yet, the yield strength values of medium‐ and high‐entropy alloys investigated so far do not substantially exceed those of conventional alloys owing to the insufficient utilization of lattice distortion. Here it is shown that a simple VCoNi equiatomic medium‐entropy alloy exhibits a near 1 GPa yield strength and good ductility, outperforming conventional solid‐solution alloys. It is demonstrated that a wide fluctuation of the atomic bond distances in such alloys, i.e., severe lattice distortion, improves both yield stress and its sensitivity to grain size. In addition, the dislocation‐mediated plasticity effectively enhances the strength–ductility relationship by generating nanosized dislocation substructures due to massive pinning. The results demonstrate that severe lattice distortion is a key property for identifying extra‐strong materials for structural engineering applications.     

基于混合远景和近景区域暗通道算法的图像去雾研究

为了提高图像去雾效果,提出混合远景和近景区域暗通道算法。首先建立远景和近景区域暗通道,为近景区域最小值通道和远景区域最小值通道之和,不同区域设置不同的调节系数;接着估计大气光值,通过混合暗通道远景区域的前50个像素点颜色值的平均值获得,增设校正系数;然后导向滤波,采用自适应滑动窗口优化透射率;最后给出了算法流程。实验仿真显示所提算法去雾图像视觉效果较好,定量分析指标对比度、可见边对比度值较优。     

基于颜色四通道及空间金字塔的鱼类图像检索

随着计算机视觉技术在海洋水产领域中的应用不断加深，鱼类图像检索在渔业资源调查、鱼类行为学分析等方面发挥了巨大的作用。通过研究发现，鱼类图像的背景信息会对鱼类图像检索造成极大干扰，而且鱼类图像中颜色、纹理、形状等特征由于空间位置信息的缺乏而使检索的准确率不高。为解决以上问题，提出了一种新的基于颜色四通道及空间金字塔的鱼类图像检索算法。首先，提取视觉显著性图将鱼类图像的前景和背景分开，从而减少图像背景对检索的干扰；其次，为了使图像特征包含一定的空间位置信息，利用空间金字塔的理论对图像进行分割，在此基础上，将图像转为HSVG四通道图并提取SURF特征；；最后，得到检索结果。为验证所提算法的有效性，在QUT_fish_data数据集和DLOU_fish_data数据集上对算法的查全率、查准率与经典的HSVG算法和显著性分块算法进行对比：在两个数据集上查准率分别比传统的HSVG算法最多分别提高12%和5%，查全率最多分别提高7%和22%；比传统的显著性分块算法查准率最多分别提高15%和5%，查全率最多分别提高36%和22%；从而证明所提算法是有效的，能有效提升鱼类图像的检索效果。     

镜头成像畸变的MTF像高测试法研究

为了解决传统标板拍摄测试广角镜头成像畸变的不准确、复现性差问题,提出了基于调制传递函数(MTF)理论的成像畸变测试方法。通过研究镜头畸变测试国内外的研究现状,重点分析了成像镜头特别是广角镜头采用传统标板拍摄测试成像畸变的缺陷。提出了一种通过测试镜头轴上有效焦距和不同角度的离轴有效焦距,并导入畸变计算公式从而得到镜头成像相对畸变的MTF测试方法。研究结果表明,采用MTF测试方法可以实现对镜头成像畸变的快速、准确的测量。     

自然循环窄矩形通道内过冷沸腾两相摩擦阻力特性

采用去离子水作为实验工质，在低压低流速自然循环工况下开展了单面加热可视化窄矩形通道内的过冷沸腾摩擦阻力特性实验研究。实验中测量了实验段内的压降数据，并通过高速摄影仪拍摄了窄矩形通道内的气液两相图像，提出了过冷沸腾条件下的两相摩擦压降的剥离计算方法。基于本实验中获得摩擦压降数据，对分别基于均相流模型和分液相模型的经典两相摩擦压降计算关系式进行了评估，实验结果表明：采用不同等效黏度计算方法的均相流模型计算结果比实验值明显偏小；而分相流模型中，Sun and Mishiba关系式和Tran关系式均能够较好地预测摩擦阻力，计算值与实验值的平均相对偏差在±15%以内。结合实验数据，以分相流模型方法为基础，考虑全液相Reynolds数、Martinelli参数和Laplace数的影响，获得了计算分液相折算系数的经验关系式，与实验数据符合较好, 平均相对误差在10%范围内。     

关于硬件木马电路检测技术分析及发展趋势探讨

本文结合HTH电路的复杂性等特征分析与实际应用现状,研究了HTH电路的具体检测技术方法并对当前热点技术进行对比分析,探讨了HTH电路检测方法的技术发展趋势。     

Application of LSPIV to measure supercritical flow in steep channels with low relative submergence

Measuring flow discharge has always been one of the most important concerns of water experts. To measure discharge in streams using velocity-area method it is necessary to quantify average velocity of the flow. It is not feasible to measure velocity by contact approaches like current meters under certain conditions such as in flood periods or for very shallow flows. Flow surface image velocimetry methods as non-intrusive solutions have recently been widely utilized to measure discharge in open channels. One of these methods is a variety of PIV method named LSPIV which has been very popular due to the elimination of laser application. In this study, LSPIV was used to measure 2D velocity field over the surface of steep supercritical flow. The obtained surface velocity data were used to calculate Velocity Index (VI) which is multiplied by surface velocity to convert it to mean velocity and subsequently flow discharge. Also, a few relations were proposed to calculate the VI according to the slope and relative submergence. Since, Velocity Index has been so far mostly studied for subcritical conditions, results of this study may be applied for measuring supercritical flows. Eventually, the proposed method was verified to be used for discharge measurement and was proven quite precise in this regard.